![]() The practice of slavery in the United States was one of the key political issues of the 19th century. ![]() On the eve of the Civil War in 1860, four million of the 32 million Americans (~13%) were enslaved black people, almost all in the South. ![]() The central cause of the war was the status of slavery, especially the expansion of slavery into territories acquired as a result of the Louisiana Purchase and the Mexican–American War. The American Civil War (Ap– May 9, 1865) (also known by other names) was a civil war in the United States fought between the Union (states that remained loyal to the federal union, or "the North") and the Confederacy ( states that voted to secede, or "the South").
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